Overview
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria that, if untreated, progresses in stages over years and can eventually damage the heart, brain and nerves. It often starts as a single painless sore that heals on its own, which is why it can be missed. It can also pass from a pregnant woman to her baby with serious effects. The good news is that it is easily cured with antibiotics, especially when caught early, and testing is simple and confidential.
Symptoms
- A single painless sore at the site of infection early on
- A non-itchy rash, often on the palms and soles, weeks later
- Swollen lymph glands, fever and tiredness
- Patchy hair loss and mouth sores in some
- Serious heart, brain and nerve damage if untreated for years
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for any genital sore or unexplained rash, or if you may have been exposed. Testing is confidential and treatment is a simple cure.
Causes
The bacterium Treponema pallidum, spread through unprotected sexual contact and from a pregnant woman to her baby.