Overview
A sore throat is pain, scratchiness or irritation of the throat that often worsens on swallowing. It is one of the most common complaints, usually caused by a viral infection like a cold or flu, and clears on its own within a week with rest, warm fluids and simple remedies. Some sore throats are caused by bacteria and need antibiotics, so a very painful throat with high fever and swollen glands should be checked.
Symptoms
- Pain or a scratchy feeling in the throat
- Pain that worsens on swallowing or talking
- Red, swollen tonsils, sometimes with white patches
- Swollen, tender glands in the neck
- Hoarse voice and mild fever
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if the sore throat is severe, lasts more than a week, or comes with high fever, difficulty swallowing or a rash.
Emergency — call 108 or go to the nearest hospital
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing saliva, drooling, or a muffled voice with severe one-sided pain — go to a hospital immediately
Causes
Mostly viruses such as colds and flu; sometimes bacteria like streptococcus. Dry air, smoke, allergies and acid reflux can also cause it.