Overview
Hemorrhoids (piles) are swollen blood vessels in and around the anal passage, usually from years of straining during constipation, low-fibre diets, long toilet sitting or pregnancy. They cause painless fresh-red bleeding with stool, itching, or a lump at the anus. Most piles settle with fibre, fluids and creams; persistent ones have effective clinic procedures. Never assume bleeding is 'just piles' without an examination.
Symptoms
- Fresh red blood on stool, toilet paper or in the pan
- Itching or irritation around the anus
- A soft lump that may protrude during stool and go back in
- Discomfort or pain, especially if a clot forms
- Feeling of incomplete emptying
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for any rectal bleeding at least once — bleeding must be examined to rule out other causes, including cancer in older adults. Seek care too if a pile becomes acutely painful.
Causes
Chronic constipation and straining, low-fibre diet, prolonged sitting on the toilet, obesity, pregnancy and heavy weight lifting.