Overview
Diarrhea means passing loose, watery stools three or more times a day. It is usually caused by infections from contaminated food or water and settles on its own within a few days. The real danger, especially for children and older adults, is dehydration — losing more water and salts than you take in. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is the single most important treatment.
Symptoms
- Frequent loose or watery stools
- Stomach cramps and bloating
- Urgency to pass stool
- Nausea or vomiting in some cases
- Weakness and signs of dehydration — thirst, dry mouth, less urine
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if diarrhea lasts more than two days, there is blood in the stool, high fever, or signs of dehydration. For infants and the elderly, seek care early — dehydration develops fast.
Emergency — call 108 or go to the nearest hospital
- Very little or no urine, sunken eyes, extreme drowsiness or a rapid weak pulse — especially in a child — go to a hospital immediately
Causes
Viral, bacterial or parasitic infections from unsafe food or water are the usual cause; food intolerance, medicines and gut conditions can also be responsible.