Overview
Diabetes is a long-term condition in which the body cannot properly control the amount of sugar (glucose) in the blood, either because it makes too little insulin or cannot use insulin well. Over years, high blood sugar can quietly damage the eyes, kidneys, nerves and heart. With the right medicines, food habits and regular checkups, most people with diabetes live full, active lives.
Symptoms
- Increased thirst and frequent urination, especially at night
- Feeling very hungry or tired despite eating normally
- Unexplained weight loss
- Slow-healing wounds or frequent skin infections
- Blurred vision
- Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if you notice increased thirst, frequent urination or unexplained weight loss, or if a routine test shows high blood sugar. If you already have diabetes, get regular reviews of your sugar levels, eyes, kidneys and feet.
Causes
Type 2 diabetes, the most common form in India, develops when the body becomes resistant to insulin — family history, excess weight, inactivity and age all raise the risk. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition that usually starts earlier in life.