Overview
Cervical cancer is a cancer of the neck of the womb, and it remains one of the most common cancers in Indian women. Almost all cases are caused by long-term infection with certain types of the HPV virus. It is one of the most preventable cancers, because the HPV vaccine and simple screening tests can catch changes long before cancer develops. Caught early it is highly treatable, which is why regular screening and vaccination matter so much.
Symptoms
- Often no symptoms in the early, most treatable stage
- Bleeding between periods or after intercourse
- Bleeding after menopause
- A foul-smelling or blood-stained vaginal discharge
- Pelvic pain in more advanced disease
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for any bleeding after sex, between periods, or after menopause. Ask about the HPV vaccine and regular screening — both prevent this cancer.
Emergency — call 108 or go to the nearest hospital
- Heavy vaginal bleeding causing weakness or fainting — seek care immediately
Causes
Long-term infection with high-risk types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). Smoking and a weak immune system increase the risk.