Overview
Autism spectrum disorder is a difference in brain development that affects how a person communicates, interacts socially, and experiences the world, usually recognised in early childhood. It is called a spectrum because it varies enormously — some people need a lot of support while others live independently. It is not caused by parenting or vaccines. Early recognition and support with communication, learning and daily skills make a big difference, so signs like delayed speech or limited social interaction should be assessed.
Symptoms
- Delayed speech or unusual patterns of communication
- Limited eye contact and difficulty with social interaction
- Repetitive movements or strong routines
- Intense focus on specific interests
- Being unusually sensitive to sounds, lights, textures or change
When to see a doctor
See a doctor or child specialist if a young child has delayed speech, limited social interaction, or loses skills — early support helps development.
Causes
Differences in brain development with a strong genetic component; it is not caused by parenting, diet or vaccines.